A malfunctioning compressor can lead to serious issues in a refrigeration system.

A malfunctioning compressor can lead to serious issues in a refrigeration system. This compressor troubleshooting guide is designed to help diagnose and address some common problems. Please follow these steps methodically to determine the cause and solution:

1. Check The Power Supply

First, verify that the compressor is receiving the correct voltage. Then inspect all electrical connections for loose wires, burnt contacts, or damaged cables. If the correct voltage is not reaching the compressor, it’s time to look elsewhere for problems.

2. Examine The Wiring And Controls

Begin by inspecting the electrical components, including capacitors, relays, and contactors. Then test the compressor’s start and run capacitors for proper functioning. Next, check for any loose or damaged wiring in the control circuit.

For systems with start components, a hard start kit can be used as a troubleshooting tool to evaluate the integrity of the compressor.

3. Motor Windings

Measure the resistance of the compressor motor windings to identify any open or short circuits. Be sure to check Start to Run, Common to Run, Common to Start and your windings to case ground.

Remember, many internal overloads break the common leg, so an open Common to Run and Common to start, but a closed Start to Run usually does not mean the compressor is bad. You should cool the body of the compressor and try the test again.

An open Start to Run winding is a sure sign of an internal short and a bad compressor. Additionally, any reading from your windings to the case ground indicates a bad compressor.

In the case of winding shorts, conduct an acid test to ensure the longevity of the replacement compressor. If acid is present, use a neutralizer.

4. Listen For Unusual Sounds

Run the compressor and listen for abnormal noises such as knocking, hissing or excessive vibration. Unusual sounds may suggest internal compressor damage or refrigerant-related issues.

5. Oil Level And Quality

Start by verifying the compressor oil level. An inadequate amount of oil can lead to lubrication problems and can indicate issues with oil return throughout the system. This step is typically applicable only in larger systems where compressors have an oil sight glass.

Inspect the oil for signs of contamination or degradation. If the oil is dark, its a good idea to do an acid test to check for chemical breakdown in the oil.

6. Condenser And Evaporator Coil Condition

Clean and inspect the condenser and evaporator coils for dirt or debris. Remember a restricted airflow causes compressor overheating which eventually leads to burnout.

If you are still having issues after following the steps in this compressor troubleshooting guide, please contact RSG for additional assistance.